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Shouldwemovefarmingindoors?
语篇导读:地球上的人口在不断地增长,可用耕地面积却越来越少。人类利用科技将农业转移到室内,但这样做会给我们带来什么呢?
Thehumanpopulationkeepsgrowing—andallthosepeopleneedtoeat.Butfarmersalreadyuseuptoomuchland.Accordingtoa2019reportfromtheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC),peopleuse72percentoftheworld’sice-freelandsurfacetoproducefood,clothingandenergy.Whenweclearlandforthesepurposes,wedisruptwildareasandworsenclimatechange.
Howcanwefeedeverybodywithoutusingupmoreland?Oneanswerisverticalfarming(垂直农业).Thisisthepracticeofgrowingplantsindoors,intraysstacked(摞起来的)onshelves.Theplantsgetthenutrientstheyneedfromcirculatingwateroramist.Theygetlightfromlamps(灯).Becausetheenvironmentissocarefullycontrolled,verticalfarmersdon’thavetodealwithbadweather,diseasesorpests.Theycangrowfoodanywhere,inanyseason,andmorequicklythannormal.
Thatsoundsgreat.Butthere’sacatch.Severalbigproblemshavestoppedverticalfarmsfrompoppingup(出现)everywhere.Firstofall,thesefarmssuckuplotsofelectricity.Mostofitgoesintolightingandtemperaturecontrol.Thiselectricityoftencomesfromfossilfuels,meaningthatthesefarmsmaynotbeasclimate-friendlyastheyseem.
????Thehighelectricityusagecontributestoanotherproblem.Thesehigh-techfarmscostatonofmoneytobuildandrun.Onlyplantsthatgrowveryquicklyinasmallspaceproduceenoughfoodtooffsetthehighcost.Scientistsareexperimentingwithotherplants,liketomatoesandstrawberries,tofindtheperfectvarietyforaverticalfarm.Theywantsomethingthatproducesjustasmuchfruit,butonasmallerplantandinashortertimespan.Tosucceed,scientistswilllikelyhavetousegeneticengineering.Thatmeansthey’dchangethegenesofthestrawberryortomatoplanttomakeitgrowtherightway.Theresultingfoodwouldbeageneticallymodifiedorganism,orGMO.
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