高中人教英语UNIT 3　Section A　Listening and Speaking.pptx

;内容索引;素养导航;;ABriefHistoryoftheInternet

TheInternetstartedinthe1960sasawayforgovernmentresearcherstoshareinformation.Computersinthe‘60swerelargeandimmobile①andinordertomakeuseofinformationstoredinanyonecomputer,onehadtoeithertraveltothesiteofthecomputerorhavemagneticcomputertapessentthroughtheconventional②postalsystem.?;Anothercatalyst(催化剂)intheformationoftheInternetwastheheatingupoftheColdWar.Russia’slaunch③oftheSputniksatellitespurredtheU.S.DefenseDepartmenttoconsiderwaysinformationcouldstillbedisseminated(传播)evenafteranuclearattack.ThiseventuallyledtotheformationoftheARPANET(AdvancedResearchProjectsAgencyNetwork),thenetworkthatultimately④developedintowhatwenowknowastheInternet.ARPANETwasagreatsuccessbutmembershipwaslimitedtocertainacademicandresearchorganisationswhohadcontractswiththeDefenseDepartment.Inresponsetothis,othernetworkswerecreatedtoprovideinformationsharing.;January1,1983isconsideredtheofficialbirthdayoftheInternet.Priorto⑤this,thevariouscomputernetworksdidnothaveastandardwaytocommunicatewitheachother.Anewcommunicationsprotocolwasestablished⑥calledTransferControlProtocol/InternetworkProtocol(TCP/IP).Thisalloweddifferentkindsofcomputersondifferentnetworksto“talk”toeachother.ARPANETandtheDefenseDataNetworkofficiallychangedtotheTCP/IPstandardonJanuary1,1983,hencethebirthoftheInternet.Allnetworkscouldnowbeconnectedbyauniversal.;词海拾贝

①immobileadj.不能移动的

②conventionaladj.普通的

③launchn.发射

④ultimatelyadv.最后,最终

⑤priorto在……之前

⑥establishvt.建立;典句欣赏

Computersinthe‘60swerelargeandimmobileandinordertomakeuseofinformationstoredinanyonecomputer,onehadtoeithertraveltothesiteofthecomputerorhavemagneticcomputertapessentthroughtheconventionalpostalsystem.

译文:60年代的计算机很大,而且不可移动,为了利用存储在计算机中的信息,人们要么到计算机所在地去,