不规则动词的过去式的构成规律 .pdfVIP

不规则动词的过去式的构成规律--第1页

不规则动词的过去式的构成规律：

1．无变化，过去式与原形相同。

let→let,put→put,beat→beat,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,

read→read,shut→shuthit→hit,must→must,set→set,put→put

2．把动词原形中的“I”改为“a”，变成过去式。如：begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，

ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam,babysitbabysat,sink→sank

3.把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。如：come→came,become→became

4.把动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式，如：get→got,forget→forgot

5.以ought和aught结尾，且读音是［:t］的过去式。如：

bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，fightfought//catch—caught，teach—taught,

6.动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：break—broke，speak—spoke

7.动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept

8.改动词中的aw／ow为ew，变成过去式。如：draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，

throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）(flyflew)

9.把动词中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：

drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrotewinwonshineshoneriserose

10.把动词中的ay改为aid，变成过去式。如：say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,

11.动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：sell—sold，tell—told

12.把动词中的d变成t:如：build→built,send→sent,lend→lent,spend→spent

13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：

hear—heard,mean—meant,learnlearnt/learned

14.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：

am，is—was，are—were，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，feel—felt，find—found，

fly—flew，go—went，have／has—had，hold—held，leave—left，lielay

make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took,hang—hung

动词规则变化规则：

1.直接加ed:如play→played,work→worked,help→helped,

walk→walkedlook→looked

2.以e结尾的加d,如：live→livedlike→likedlove→loved

3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed,如：

study→studiedtry→triedcry→criedcarry→carried

4.末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的重读