艺体生高三英语复习语法讲解2.2高中英语常用语法——语态课件.ppt

2.2高中英语常用语法——语态一、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+done”构成。be有人称、数和时态的变化。1.一般现在时:am/is/aredoneRiceisgrowninthesouthofthestates.2.一般过去时:was/weredoneThebuildingofanewcarfactorywasagreedonlastmonth.3.一般将来时:will(shall)bedoneCarswillbesentabroadbysea.4.过去将来时:would(should)bedoneThemanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.5.现在进行时:am/is/arebeingdoneTheroomsarebeingpaintednow.6.过去进行时:was/werebeingdoneTreeswerebeingplantedhereatthistimelastyear.7.现在完成时:have/hasbeendoneIhavebeentoldthatthesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.8.过去完成时:hadbeendoneHehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader.9.常用时态的主被动形式对照表时态主动被动一般现在时do/doesam/is/aredone一般过去时didwas/weredone一般将来时willdowillbedone过去将来时woulddowouldbedone现在进行时am/is/aredoingam/is/arebeingdone过去进行时was/weredoingwas/werebeingdone将来进行时willbedoing?现在完成时have/hasdonehave/hasbeendone过去完成时haddonehadbeendone二、被动语态的用法1.不知道或不必说出动作的执行者。Howisthiswordpronounced?Afterthewar,everythingwasdestroyed.2.强调动作的承受者。Ifyoubreaktheschoolrules,youwillbepunished.AnewHopeSchoolwillbeopenedinourvillage.XiaoLiwaselectedmonitoroftheclass.3.动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物。Thebridgewaswashedawaybytheflood.Wewereshockedbythenewsofhisdeath.Manyaccidentswerecausedbycarelessdriving.4.有些动词习惯上常用被动语态。Hewasborninthiscity.Theschoolissituatedinthesuburbs.三、被动语态的应注意事项1.带情态动词的被动结构形式:情态动词+be+doneThebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.2.在使役动词have,make,let以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补足语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。例:Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改为:Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.3.常用被动语态的句型:一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+todosth.”。Itissaidthat...据说……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itisbelievedthat...大家相信……Itishopedthat.