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传感器与检测基础FundamentalsofSensorsandDetection
TemperatureMeasurement温度测量06
TemperatureMeasurementExpansionthermometer(膨胀式温度计) 1.1Liquid-in-GlassThermometer
TemperatureMeasurement1.1Liquid-in-GlassThermometerTheliquid-in-glassthermometerisawell-knowntemperature-measuringinstrumentusedinawiderangeofapplications.Thefluidusedisnormallyeithermercuryorcoloredalcohol,whichiscontainedwithinabulbandcapillarytube.Asthetemperaturerises,thefluidexpandsalongthecapillarytubeandthemeniscuslevelisreadagainstacalibratedscaleetchedonthetube.Expansionthermometer(膨胀式温度计)
TemperatureMeasurement1.1Liquid-in-GlassThermometer(玻璃管液体温度计)Linearexpansionofamaterialisthechangeinlineardimensionduetotemperaturechanges.VolumeexpansioninamaterialduetochangesintemperatureisgivenbyV2=V1[1+b(T2?T1)]whereV2=finalvolumeV1=initialvolumeb=coefficientofvolumetricthermalexpansionT2=finaltemperatureT1=initialtemperatureExpansionthermometer(膨胀式温度计)
TemperatureMeasurement1.1Liquid-in-GlassThermometerusedinawiderangeofapplications.Thefluidusedisnormallyeithermercuryorcoloredalcohol,whichiscontainedwithinabulbandcapillarytube.Asthetemperaturerises,thefluidexpandsalongthecapillarytubeandthemeniscuslevelisreadagainstacalibratedscaleetchedonthetube.Commonlyscanfrom-200to600°CIndustrialversionsoftheliquid-in-glassthermometerarenormallyusedtomeasuretemperatureintherangebetween-200and1000°CExpansionthermometer(膨胀式温度计)
TemperatureMeasurement1.1Liquid-in-GlassThermometerMeasurementinaccuracyistypically1%offull-scalereading,althoughaninaccuracyofonly0.15%canbeachievedinthebestindustrialinstruments.Themajorsourceofmeasurementerrorarisesfromthedifficultyofcorrectlyestimatingthepositionofthecurvedmeniscusofthefluidagainstthescale.Expansionthermometer(膨胀式
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