提升武术教学趣味性：问题审视、致因分析、改革对策.docx

提升武术教学趣味性：问题审视、致因分析、改革对策

摘要：趣味性是决定武术教学和育人成效的重要因素。运用文献资料法、教育观察法等，系统思考武术教学趣味性的问题。研究认为：练习武术有无趣味性和武术本身具不具有产生趣味的因子是两回事，武术本身是蕴含趣味因子的，但当前武术教学的整体模式遮蔽武术运动原本有之的趣味性。武术教学缺乏趣味性的致因主要包括：（1）教学内容与学生的武术需求相左；（2）组织形式单一封闭、缺少合作互动；（3）学练环境难以调动学生主动性、课堂氛围沉闷；（4）练习目标模糊、学生难以获得效能感。采用交叉整合、以主代次的方法，提出提升武术教学趣味性的对策：教学内容及价值认同方面，要由复杂难学、止于学会向简单易学、精进无限转变；教学方式及学练环境和氛围方面，要由单一的个人练习情境向偏重双（多）人练习情境转变。

关键词：武术教学；趣味性；教学方式；学练环境与氛围

Abstract：InterestingisanimportantfactorthatdeterminestheeffectivenessofWushuteachingandeducation.Byusingthemethodsofliteratureandeducationalobservation，thisstudysystematicallythinksabouttheinterestingofWushuteaching，andthenholdsthat：whetherWushupracticeisinterestingornotandwhetherWushuitselfhasinterestingfactorsaretwodifferentthings，Wushuitselfcontainsinterestingfactors，butthecurrentoverallmodeofWushuteachinghasobscuredtheoriginalinterestingofWushu.ThereasonsforthelackofinterestinginWushuteachinginclude：（1）theteachingcontentisdifferentfromthestudentsWushuneeds;（2）singleclosedorganizationalform，andlackofcooperationandinteraction;（3）thelearningandtrainingenvironmentisdifficulttomobilizestudentsinitiative，andtheclassroomatmosphereisdull;（4）thepracticegoalisvague，anditisdifficultforstudentstoobtainasenseofefficacy.Byusingthemethodofcross-integrationandprimary-to-secondaryapproach，theresearchputsforwardthereformcountermeasurestoenhancetheinterestingofWushuteachingasfollows：intermsofteachingcontentandvalueidentity，itshouldchangefromcomplicatedanddifficulttolearn，fromlearningtosimpleandeasytolearn，andmakeinfiniteprogress;intermsofteachingmethodsandlearningandpracticingenvironmentandatmosphere，itisnecessarytochangefromthesingleindividualpracticesituationstodouble（multiple）practicesituations.

Keywords：Wushuteaching；interesting；teachingmethods；learningandpracticingen