竞技武术散打的专项特征及训练实践.docx

竞技武术散打的专项特征及训练实践

摘?????要：为解决当前对武术散打专项特征分析不够深入，难以完善散打比赛训练实践应用的问题，首先从武术散打的取胜因素、武术散打的主要供能系统、武术散打的技术方法与战术运用、武术散打的特殊要求分析武术散打的专项特征，继而提出相应的训练实践建议。研究认为：（1）散打教练员应根据规则的要求，充分借鉴竞技推手比赛常用的“推圈”技术，将其纳入散打训练，充分运用将运动员推下擂台得分甚至是赢得比赛的技术方法；（2）教练员应根据高强度间歇训练法，结合散打专项技术设计具有散打专项特点的高强度间歇训练方法，以此提升运动员的无氧供能能力，并促进运动员适应比赛的节奏；（3）加强运动员“推打摔”的战术训练，进一步完善当前散打战术方法的运用；（4）加强运动员近身连击能力的训练，一是快速出组合拳的训练；二是单手勾摆组合训练。

关?键?词：竞技武术；散打；专项特征；训练实践

Abstract：InordertosolvetheproblemthatthecurrentanalysisofthecharacteristicsforWushuSandaisnotdeepenough，anditisdifficulttoperfectthepracticeandapplicationofWushuSandacompetition，thispaperfirstlyanalyzesthespecialcharacteristicsofWushuSandafromfouraspects：winningfactorsofWushuSanda，mainenergysupplysystemofWushuSanda，technicalmethodsandtacticalapplicationofWushuSanda，andspecialrequirementsofWushuSanda.Theconclusionisdisclosedasfollows：（1）Accordingtotherequirementsoftherules，thecoachesofSandashouldfullylearnfromthepushcircletechniquecommonlyusedincompetitivepushercompetition，incorporateitintothetrainingofSanda，andmakefulluseofthetechnicalmethodsofpushingathletesdowntheringtoscorepointsorevenwinthematch;（2）coachesshoulddesignthehigh-intensityintervaltrainingmethodswithSandaspecialcharacteristics，andaccordingtohigh-intensityintervaltrainingmethod（HIIT）andSandaspecialtechnology，soastoimproveathletesanaerobicenergysupplyabilityandpromoteathletestoadapttotherhythmofthecompetition;（3）strengtheningtheathletestacticaltrainingofpushing，hittingandwrestling，andtofurtherimprovetheapplicationofthecurrentSandatacticalmethod;（4）therearetwotrainingmethodstostrengthentheathletesclosecombinationability：oneisthetrainingofquickcombination，andtheotheristheone-handedhookandswingcombinationtraining.

Keywords：competitiveWushu；Sanda；specialcharacteristics；trainingpractic