电厂水处理技术-Power Plant Water Treatment Technology-1733234683144.pptx

电厂水处理技术;目录

Content;虽然对锅护给水的水质进行了严格的控制，但给水中微量溶解盐类、悬浮物、胶体及溶解气体等各种杂质进入锅炉后，经高温、高压蒸发，炉水不断浓缩。汽包锅炉炉水中的某些杂质浓度可达到给水的50~300倍，若不经处理，必然会使锅炉发生腐蚀、结垢和汽水共沸等故障。杂质沉积在炉管上形成的固体附着物称为水垢，有些析出的固体附着物以悬浮状态存在于锅护中，或沉积在汽包和下联箱底部水流缓慢处，这些悬浮状态的沉积物被称为水渣。Althoughthewaterqualityofthefeedwaterforboilerprotectionisstrictlycontrolled,variousimpuritiessuchastracedissolvedsalts,suspendedsolids,colloids,anddissolvedgasesinthefeedwaterentertheboiler,andareevaporatedathightemperatureandhighpressure,andtheboilerwateriscontinuouslyconcentrated.Theconcentrationofcertainimpuritiesintheboilerwaterofthesteamdrumboilercanreach50~300timesthatofthefeedwater.Ifitisnottreated,itwillinevitablycausecorrosion,scaling,andsteam-waterazeotropicfailuresintheboiler.Thesoliddepositformedbyimpuritiesdepositedonthefurnacetubeiscalledscale.Someprecipitatedsoliddepositsexistinthepanprotectioninasuspendedstate,ordepositatthebottomofthesteamdrumandthelowerheaderwherethewaterflowisslow.Thesesuspendeddepositsarecalledslag.;电厂中常见的水垢依据主要成分有钙、镁水垢，硅酸盐水垢、氧化铁垢、磷酸盐铁垢和铜垢。Commonscalesinpowerplantsincludecalciumandmagnesiumscales,silicatescales,ironoxidescales,phosphateironscalesandcopperscalesaccordingtotheirmaincomponents.

为了防止因锅炉水质引起的故障，除了应提高给水水质，尽量减少杂质和腐蚀产物进入锅炉外，还需要采取各种方法对炉水进行处理。Inordertopreventfailurescausedbyboilerwaterquality,inadditiontoimprovingthequalityoffeedwaterandminimizingimpuritiesandcorrosionproductsenteringtheboiler,variousmethodsmustbeadoptedtotreattheboilerwater.

加强锅炉排污，补充大量的新鲜水是最简单的方法之一。但是，这不但损失了大量的水，也浪费了热能。Itisoneoftheeasiestwaystostrengthentheboilerblowdownandaddalotoffreshwater.However,thisnotonlylosesalargeamountofwater,butalsowastesheatenergy.;所谓的炉水处理是指向炉水中加入适当的化学药品，维持炉水适当的水化学工况（磷酸盐浓度和pH)，使炉水在蒸发过程中不发生结垢现象，并能减缓炉水对炉管的腐蚀，在保证锅炉安全运行的前提下尽量降低锅炉的排污率，以保证锅炉运行的经济性。Theso-calledboilerwatertrea