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ad和湿疹的诊断标准
英文回答：
Diagnosingatopicdermatitis(AD)canbechallengingas
thereisnospecifictestforit.Instead,doctorsrelyon
acombinationofclinicalevaluation,medicalhistory,and
physicalexaminationtomakeadiagnosis.Thereareseveral
criteriathatarecommonlyusedtodiagnoseAD:
1.Itchyskin:ADischaracterizedbyintenseitching,
whichisoftenthefirstsymptomexperiencedbypatients.
Theitchingcanbesevereandcaninterferewithdaily
activitiesandsleep.
2.Eczematousrash:ADisassociatedwithadistinctive
rashthattypicallyappearsinthefoldsoftheskin,such
astheelbows,knees,neck,andwrists.Therashisusually
red,dry,andscaly,andcansometimesoozeorbecome
crusty.
3.Chronicorrecurrentnature:ADisachronic
condition,meaningitpersistsoveralongperiodoftime.
Itoftenflaresupperiodically,withsymptomsworsening
duringcertainseasonsorinresponsetotriggerslike
stressorallergens.
4.Personalorfamilyhistoryofatopy:ADispartofa
groupofallergicconditionsknownasatopy.Individuals
withADoftenhaveapersonalorfamilyhistoryofother
atopicdiseases,suchasasthma,hayfever,orfood
allergies.
5.Ageofonset:ADtypicallybeginsinchildhood,with
mostcasesdevelopingbeforetheageof5.However,itcan
alsooccurinadults,especiallyiftheyhaveahistoryof
ADinchildhood.
Inadditiontothesecriteria,doctorsmayalsoperform
apatchtestorskinbiopsytoruleoutotherskin
conditionsthatmaymimicAD.However,thesetestsarenot
alwaysnecessaryfordiagnosis.
ItsimportanttonotethatthediagnosisofADis
basedonacombinationofthesecriteria,andnosingle
symptomortestresultaloneissufficienttoconfirmthe
diagnosis.Athoroughevaluationbyahealthcare
professionalisessentialtoaccuratelydiagnoseADand
differentiateitfromotherskinconditions.
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