教学单元 2 市政管道开槽施工 Teaching Unit 2 Municipal Pipeline Trenching Construction-2.4 沟槽支撑 2.4 Trench Suppor47课件讲解.pptx

教学单元2市政管道开槽施工TeachingUnit2:MunicipalPipelineTrenchingConstruction2.4沟槽支撑2.4TrenchSupport

【教学目标】[TeachingObjectives]通过本单元的学习：Bystudyingthisunit,youwill:1.掌握开槽施工的工序；1.Mastertheproceduresoftrenchexcavation;2.开槽施工的技术措施；2.Learnthetechnicalmeasuresfortrenchexcavation;3.明沟排水方法；3.Understandopentrenchdrainagemethods;4.轻型井点降水设计方法与布置要求；4.Learnthedesignmethodsandlayoutrequirementsforlightwellpointdewatering;5.沟槽开挖土方量计算方法及开挖要求；5.Understandthemethodsforcalculatingtrenchexcavationearthworkvolumeandexcavationrequirements;6.沟槽支撑的支设与拆除方法；6.Learnthemethodsforinstallingandremovingtrenchsupports;7.管道铺设与接口方法；7.Understandpipelinelayingandjointingmethods;8.管道检验方法与要求；8.Learnthemethodsandrequirementsforpipelineinspection;9.沟槽土方回填的要求与方法；9.Understandtherequirementsandmethodsfortrenchbackfilling;10.熟悉柔性排水管道施工方法。10.Familiarizeyourselfwithflexibledrainagepipelineconstructionmethods.

向前Forward结尾End向后Backward开端Beginning2.4沟槽支撑2.4TrenchSupport定义：

Definition:支撑是由木材或钢材制成的防止沟槽土壁坍塌的一种临时性挡土结构。

Supportsaretemporaryretainingstructuresmadeofwoodorsteeltopreventtrenchwallcollapse.考虑因素：

Considerations:土质、地下水情况、槽深、槽宽、开挖方法、排水方法、地面荷载等。

Soilquality,groundwaterconditions,trenchdepth,trenchwidth,excavationmethods,drainagemethods,surfaceloads,etc.结构要求：

StructuralRequirements:牢固可靠，支撑材料的质地和尺寸合格；

Sturdyandreliable,withsupportmaterialsmeetingqualityanddimensionalstandards;在保证安全的前提下，节约用料，宜采用工具式钢支撑；

Economicaluseofmaterialswhileensuringsafety;tool-typesteelsupportsarepreferred;便于支设和拆除及后续工序的操作。

Easytoinstallandremove,andfacilitatessubsequentoperations.

一、支撑种类及适用条件1.TypesofSupportsandApplicableConditions2.4沟槽支撑2.4TrenchSupport

向前Forward结尾End向后Backward开端Beginning1、横撑1.HorizontalBracing由撑板（挡土板）、立柱和撑杠组成。Composedofretainingboards(shoringboards),standcolumns,andstruts.挡土板放置位置PlacementofRetainingBoards{断续式Intermittent连续式Continuous断续式横撑的适用场合：ApplicableConditi