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数控专业外文翻译--数控技术.pdf

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外文原文:

NUMERICALCONTROL

Numericalcontrol(N/C)isaformofprogrammableautomationinwhichthe

processingequipmentiscontrolledbymeansofnumbers,letters,andother

symbols.Thenumbers,letters,andsymbolsarecodedinanappropriateformatto

defineaprogramofinstructionsforaparticularworkpartorjob.Whenthejob

changes,theprogramofinstructionsischanged.Thecapabilitytochangetheprogram

iswhatmakesN/Csuitableforlow-andmedium-volumeproduction.Itismuch

easiertowriteprogramsthantomakemajoralterationsoftheprocessingequipment.

Therearetwobasictypesofnumericallycontrolledmachinetools:point—to—

pointandcontinuous—path(alsocalledcontouring).Point—to—pointmachinesuse

unsynchronizedmotors,withtheresultthatthepositionofthemachiningheadCanbe

assuredonlyuponcompletionofamovement,orwhileonlyonemotoris

running.Machinesofthistypeareprincipallyusedforstraight—linecutsorfor

drillingorboring.

TheN/Csystemconsistsofthefollowingcomponents:datainput,thetapereader

withthecontrolunit,feedbackdevices,andthemetal—cuttingmachinetoolorother

typeofN/Cequipment.

Datainput,alsocalled“man—to—controllink”,maybeprovidedtothemachine

toolmanually,orentirelybyautomaticmeans.Manualmethodswhenusedasthesole

sourceofinputdataarerestrictedtoarelativelysmallnumberofinputs.Examplesof

manuallyoperateddevicesarekeyboarddials,pushbuttons,switches,orthumbwheel

selectors.Thesearelocatedonaconsolenearthemachine.Dialsaleanalogdevices

usuallyconnectedtoasyn-chro-typeresolverorpotentiometer.Inmostcases,

pushbuttons,switches,andothersimilartypesofselectorsayedigitalinput

devices.Manualinputrequiresthattheop

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