高考英语语法易错点30题精讲练：专题07 动词的时态和语态 导学案（原卷板+解析版）.docxVIP

高考英语语法【动词的时态和语态】易错点30题精讲练解析版

专题七动词的时态和语态易错点集锦

一．英语中16种时态与语态的构成

现在过去将来过去将来

主动被动主动被动主动被动主动被动

一般do/doesam/is/aredonedidwas/weredoneshall/willdoshall/willbedoneshould/woulddoshould/wouldbedone

进行am/is/aredoingam/is/arebeingdonewas/weredoingwas/werebeingdoneshall/willbedoingshall/willbebeingdoneshould/wouldbedoingshould/wouldbebeingdone

完成has/havedonehas/havebeendonehaddonehadbeendoneshall/willhavedoneshall/willhavebeendoneshould/wouldhavedoneshould/wouldhavebeendone

完成进行has/havebeendoing\hadbeendoing\shall/willhavebeendoing\should/wouldhavebeendoing\

二．动词过去式的变化规则

一般情况在动词后加edwork→workedplay→played

以e结尾的动词后加dhope→hopedlike→liked

以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，变y为i再加edstudy→studiedtry→tried

以重读闭音节或/r/音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母时双写词尾的辅音字母再加edstop→stoppedprefer→preferredadmit→admittedpermit→permitted

三．动词第三人称单数的变化规则

一般情况直接加swork→worksget→getssay→saysread→reads

结尾为s,x,sh,ch或o，在词尾加esdiscuss→discusseswash→washesfix→fixesgo→goesteach→teaches

结尾为“辅音字母＋y”，变y为i再加escarry→carriesstudy→studiestry→triesfly→fliescry→cries

四．动词现在分词的变化规则

一般情况在词尾直接加ingwork→workingstudy→studying

以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加ingwrite→writingtake→takingface→facing

“辅音＋元音＋辅音”结尾的重读闭音节词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写词尾辅音字母，再加ingcut→cuttingbegin→beginningswim→swimmingrun→runningput→puttingplan→planningstop→stopping

以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y再加inglie→lyingdie→dying

五．各种时态的用法

一般现在时1.表示现在的情况、状态或特征。HeisaprofessorofgeologyattheUniversityofGeorgia.

2.表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always,everytime,nowandthen,occasionally,often,seldom,never,sometimes,usually,everyday/night连用。OnMondaymorningsitusuallytakesmeanhourtodrivetoworkalthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.Itsprobablygoodforyoutogetsomecriticismnowandthen.Birdswerechatteringsomewhere,andoccasionallyhecouldhearavehiclepassby.

3.客观事实和普遍真理。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.

4.表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，