与机械通气相关呼吸生理知识.pptVIP

与机械通气相关的呼吸生理知识;TheRespiratorySystem;Respiratorytract

Nose

Pharynxupperrespiratorytract

Larynx

Trachea

lowerrespiratorytract

Bronchi

Lungs-pairedorgansofrespiration

Function:supplythebodywithoxygenandtogetridofexcesscarbondioxideresultingfromcellmetabolism;TheTrachea气管;Bronchi支气管;Bronchialtree支气管树

;WeibelER:MorphometryoftheHumanLung.BerlinandNewYork:Springer-Verlag,1963;Bronchopulmonarysegments支气管肺段

;;小气道的概念及其特点;小气道的概念及其特点;支气管上皮细胞;支气管上皮细胞;;支气管上皮细胞;支气管上皮细胞;支气管上皮细胞;支气管上皮细胞;TheLungs肺;;;呼吸系统解剖-终末呼吸单位;肺泡与肺血;呼吸系统解剖-肺泡;呼吸系统解剖-肺泡;呼吸系统解剖-肺泡;表面活性物质(surfactant);?

;ThePleura胸膜;

;Namedpartsofparietalpleura;;TheRespiratorySystem;肺的防御功能;肺的防御功能;肺的防御功能;TheRespiratorySystem;PulmonaryFunctionTesting

TheBasicsofInterpretation;Objectives;PulmonaryFunctionTesting

;Description;Indications—Diagnosis;Indications—Prognostic;肺通气功能的指标

;肺容积(pulmonaryvolume)肺容量(pulmonarycapacity);Spirometry;LungVolumes;Spirometry;NormalSpirometry;LungVolumes;TidalVolume(TV);InspiratoryReserveVolume(IRV);ExpiratoryReserveVolume(ERV);ResidualVolume(RV);VitalCapacity(VC);InspiratoryCapacity(IC);FunctionalResidualCapacity(FRC);TotalLungCapacity(TLC);时间肺活量-反映肺活量及呼吸阻力;ObstructivePattern;ObstructiveLungDisease—DifferentialDiagnosis;RestrictivePattern;RestrictiveLungDisease—DifferentialDiagnosis;PulmonaryFunctionTesting

;PulmonaryFunctionTesting

;SpirometryPatterns;BronchodilatorResponse;FlowVolumeLoop;FlowVolumeLoop;UpperAirwayObstruction;UpperAirwayObstruction;LungVolumes;LungVolumes–Patterns;(二)肺通气量(pulmonaryventilation)

肺泡通气量(alveolarventilation)

1.每分通气量;2.无效腔

肺泡通气量;解剖无效腔:不能与血液进行气体交换的呼吸道的容积。

肺泡无效腔:未能与血液进行气体交换的肺泡容量。

生理无效腔=解剖无效腔+肺泡无效腔

肺泡通气量:每分钟吸入肺泡的新鲜气量,

=（??气量－无效腔气量）×呼吸频率;肺通气量和肺泡通气量;无效腔与肺泡通气量;TheRespiratorySystem;肺换气:

肺泡与毛细血管之间的气体交换过程。;（二）影响因素;;;气/血比值;右向左分流;右向左分流;;三、组织换气;DiffusingCapacity;;Diffusin