未成年人医疗同意权的法律困境与纾解.pdfVIP

医学与法

医学与哲学2023

年8

月第44

卷第

15

期总第722期

未成年人医疗同意权的法律困境与纾解*

①②

胡欣月张洪江

摘要：在我国未成年人医疗同意权行使存在一些法律困境：未成年患者的同意能力不明确，监护人医疗代理与未成年人最大利

益失衡，监护人意见分歧的判断标准不明，医方履行告知义务不到位。结合国外未成年人同意能力认定标准、医院主动急救、

司法审查特殊程序等法律救济措施，针对我国未成年人医疗同意权行使的法律困境，提出增补法条以保护未成年人医疗权利

及尊重未成年患者的合理意愿、扩大医院医学伦理委员会的职能、建立司法审查特殊程序、规范医方主体履行医疗告知义

务机制等建议，以保护未成年患者的最佳利益。

关键词：未成年人，医疗同意权，权利主体，告知义务

中图分类号：R-05文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-0772(2023)15-0056-06

DOI：10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2023.15.14

LegalDilemmaandAlleviationMeasuresRegardingtheConsentRightsofMinorsinMedicalCareHUXin-yue,ZHANG

Hong-jiang．SchoolofHealthHumanities,JinzhouMedicalUniversity,Jinzhou121001,China

Abstract：There

are

some

legal

dilemmas

in

the

exercise

of

the

right

of

consent

for

minors

in

medical

care

in

China:

the

unclear

capacity

of

minors

to

give

consent,

imbalance

between

guardians

medical

representation

and

the

best

interests

of

minors,

ambiguous

criteria

for

resolving

disagreements

among

guardians,

and

inadequate

fulfillment

of

the

duty

to

inform

by

medical

practitioners.

Combining

international

standards

for

determining

the

consent

capacity

of

minors,

hospital-initiated

emergency

medical

care,

special

legal

remedies

such

as

judicial

review,

this

paper

addresses

the

legal

dilemmas

in

the

exercise

of

consent

rights

for

minors

in

medical

care

in

China.

It

proposes

amendments

to

legal

provisions

to

safeguard

the

medical

rights

of

minors,

respect

the

reasonable

wishes

of

minor

patients,

expand

the

functions

of

the

hospital

medical

ethics

committee,

establish

special

procedures

for

judicial

review,

and

standardize

the

mechanism

for

medical

practitioners

to

fulfill

their

duty

to

inform,

so

as

to

p