通过呼吸道感染的微生物.ppt

Themicrobesinfectedviarespiratorytract

Mainpathogenicmicrobes

(Bacteria)Mycobacteriumtuberculosis结核分枝杆菌Streptococcuspneumoniae肺炎链球菌Corynebacteriumdiphtheriae白喉棒状杆菌B.pertusis百日咳鲍特菌

Mainpathogenicmicrobes

(virus)Influenzavirus流行性感冒病毒Varicella-Zostervirus,VZV水痘-带状疱疹病毒Mumpsvirus腮腺炎病毒Measlesvirus麻疹病毒Rubellavirus风疹病毒

OthermainpathogenicmicrobesMycoplasmapneumoniae肺炎支原体Chlamydiapneuminiae肺炎衣原体

1、Mycobacteriumtuberculosis

acid-fastrodscapsulateobligateaerobedoublingtimeabout18~24hLowenstein-Jensenmediumvariationresistancedryingacidsandalkaliesdyes(malachitegreen)sensitivemoistheat70%ethylalcoholultravioletlight1)Biologicproperties:

Mycobacteriumtuberculosis

2)Pathogenicitycapsulelipidscordfactor(索状因子),damagemitochondriamembranephosphatides(磷脂),tuberculessulfatides(硫酸脑苷脂),inhibitphagosome-lysosomefusionwaxes(蜡质D)adjuvantproteinstuberculin

Infectiousreservoirspatients,carrierstransmittedways:respiratorytract、alimentarytract、skinpulmonarytuberculosisprimaryinfectionsecondaryinfectionextra-lunginfection3)Diseasescaused

M.Tuberculosisinlung

4)ImmunityinfectiousimmunityTcell-mediatedimmunityimmunityandhypersensitivityKochphenomenon

5)TuberculinTestprincipiumreagentoldtuberculin,OTpurifiedproteinderivative,PPDmethodsignificance

6)preventiontreatment

2、treptococcuspneumoniae

Gram-positivelancet-shapedInpairscapsulateautolysis1)Biologicproperties:

Capsuleanti-phagocyticserotyping2)Pathogenicity

Autolysis-identificationBilepeptidoglycancellmembraneteichoicacid-cholineautolysin

lobarpneumonia(大叶性肺炎)particularlyyoungandoldafterdamagetoupperrespiratorytracte.g.followingviralinfectionMeningitis(children)(脑膜炎）otitismedia(中耳炎）3)Diseasescaused

3、Corynebacteriumdiphtheriae

rodshapeGrampositivemetachromaticgranuleaerobegrowthinLoefflersmediumtelluriteagar1)Biologicproperties:

CorynebacteriumdiphtheriaeCorynebacteriumdiphtheriae

metachromatic