脊柱解剖结构图解.pptVIP

大家好！

脊柱Vertebralcolumn基础医学院人体解剖教研室

Thevertebralcolumn脊柱consistsof24vertebrae,thesacrum,andthecoccyx.

Vertebrae椎骨”Thereare33vertebraeinchildren,arrangedasfollows:Coccygealvertebrae尾椎Co.3~4coccyx尾骨Sacralvertebrae骶椎S.5sacrum骶骨Thoracicvertebrae胸椎T.12Cervicalvertebrae颈椎C.7Lumbarvertebrae腰椎L.5

GeneralfeaturesofvertebraeVertebralbody椎体Vertebralarch椎弓pedicleofvertebralarch椎弓根:sup.andinf.Vertebralnotch椎上、下切迹laminaofvertebralarch椎弓板process(7):spinousprocess棘突transverseprocess横突sup.andinf.articularprocesses上、下关节突Vertebralforamen椎孔Vertebralcanal椎管Intervertebralforamen椎间孔

RegionalvariationsofvertebraeCervicalvertebraeVertebraeBody:smallVertebralforamen:largerandtriangularSpinousprocesses:shortandbifidinC3toC5,longinC6,andlongerinC7Transverseprocesses:shortandbifid,transverseforamen横突孔Articularprocesses:horizontal

AtypicalvertebeaeAtlas寰椎(C1)Bodyandspinousprocessabsent,consistsofanteriorandposteriorarches,andtwolateralmassesGrooveforvertebralartery椎动脉沟

Axis枢椎(C2):distinguishedbydens齿突whicharticulateswithdentalfoveaofanteriorarchofatlas

Vertebraprominens隆椎(C7):containslongandnon-bifidspinousprocess,itisvisiblewithneckflexed,usedasclinicallandmarkincountingcervicalandthoracicspinousprocessesCarotidtubercle:颈动脉结节:anteriortubercleoftransverseprocessofC6

ThoracicvertebraeVertebraeBody：heart-shape,superiorandinferiorcostalfovea上、下肋凹Vertebralforamen：smaller,rounderSpinousprocesses：long,pointobliquelydownwardTransverseprocesses：transversecostalfovea横突肋凹Articularprocesses:coronal

LumbarvertebraeVertebraeBody：larger,kidney-shape1Vertebralforamen:largerandtriangular2Spinousprocesses:projectshorizontally3Transverseprocesses:long4Articularprocesses:sagittal5

Sacrum02Posteriorsurface: