物理-山西省太原市2024-2025学年高一上学期期末学业诊断试题和答案.docx

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2024～2025学年第一学期高一年级期末学业诊断

物理参考答案及评分建议

一、单项选择题：本题包含7小题，每小题4分，共28分。

题号

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

选项

B

A

D

B

C

C

D

二、多项选择题：本题包含3小题，每小题6分，共18分。

题号

8

9

10

选项

AD

AD

BCD

三、实验题：共16分。

11.（7分）

（1）C（2分）（2）0.50（3分）（3）A（2分）

12.（9分）

（1）C（2分）（2）A（2分）

（3）4.0（3分）平衡摩擦力不够斜面倾角太小或有空气阻力（2分）

四、计算题：共38分。

13.（8分）

（1）雪橇做匀加速直线运动

at2·····················································································

a=1m/s2··················································································(1分)

（2）雪橇水平方向受到水平的推力和滑动摩擦力

F?μmJ=ma············································································(3分)

F=15N······················································································(1分)

2

14.（12分）

（1）物品刚放到传送带上，由牛顿第二定律：

μmJCos37°+mJsin37°=ma1 (2分)

a1=10m/s2 (2分)

（2）物品以a1做匀加速直线运动直至与传送带共速

x1=a1t··················································································(1分)

x1=1.25m

v=a1t1·····················································································(1分)

t1=0.5s

因μtanθ,物品又以a2做匀加速直线运动

mJsin37°?μmJCos37°=ma2 (2分)

a2=2m/s2 (2分)

x2=vt2+a2t··········································································(1分)

x2=x?x1

t2=0.5s

t=t1+t2=1.0s········································································(1分)

15.（18分）

（1）木块恰能与铁箱保持相对静止

对木块:μ2FN=mJ·······································································(2分)

FN=ma·····················································································(2分)

a=12.5m/s2····································································································