物理消毒灭菌法王利沙Physicaldisinfectionsterilization讲解.pptx

物理消毒灭菌法主讲老师：王利沙PhysicaldisinfectionsterilizationWeifangNursingVocationalCollege潍坊护理职业学院

物理消毒灭菌法Physicaldisinfectionsterilization用于消毒灭菌的物理学方法有：Thephysicalmethodsusedfordisinfectionandsterilizationinclude:热力（湿热和干热）Heat(wetheatanddryheat)紫外线照射Ultravioletirradiation电离辐射Ionizingradiation滤过除菌等Filtrationsterilization,etc.

01热力灭菌法Heatsterilization

热力灭菌法Heatsterilization在同一温度下湿热的灭菌效果比干热好，其原因：Thesterilizationeffectofmoistheatisbetterthandryheatatthesametemperature,andthereasonis:①湿热比干热穿透力强；Dampheathasstrongerpenetrationthandryheat;②湿热时细菌快速吸收水分，菌体蛋白质易于凝固变性。Bacteriaquicklyabsorbwaterduringhumidandhotconditions,andbacterialproteinsarepronetocoagulationanddenaturation.③湿热的蒸汽有潜热效应存在，可迅速提高被灭菌物体的温度。Dampandhotsteamhaslatentheateffects,whichcanrapidlyincreasethetemperatureofthesterilizedobject.热力灭菌法分湿热灭菌和干热灭菌两类。Thermalsterilizationmethodisdividedintotwocategories:wetheatsterilizationanddryheatsterilization.

湿热灭菌法Wetheatsterilizationmethod一种最常用、最有效的灭菌方法。Themostcommonlyusedandeffectivesterilizationmethod.适用于耐高温和不怕潮湿物品Suitableforhightemperatureresistantandmoistureresistantitems热力灭菌法Heatsterilization高压蒸汽灭菌Highpressuresteamsterilization温度121.3℃，维持15～20minTemperature121.3℃,maintainfor15-20minutes

水煮沸100℃5分钟，可杀灭细菌繁殖体，细菌芽胞需煮沸1～2小时才能杀灭。Boilingwaterat100℃for5minutescankillbacterialcolonies,andbacterialsporesneedtobeboiledfor1-2hourstobekilled.常用于饮水、食具及一些医疗器械（刀剪、注射器等）的消毒。Commonlyusedfordisinfectionofdrinkingwater,tableware,andsomemedicalequipment(knives,scissors,syringes,etc.)热力灭菌法Heatsterilization煮沸法Boilingmethod湿热灭菌法Wetheatsterilizationmethod

利用蒸笼或阿诺蒸锅进行消毒，可杀灭细菌的繁殖体，但不能杀灭细菌芽胞。UsingasteamerorArnosteamerfordisinfectioncankillbacterialcolonies,butcannotkillthebacterialspores.热力灭菌法Heatsterilization流通蒸汽消毒法Circulating湿热灭菌法Wetheatsterilization