细菌的特殊结构徐单单Theuniquestructureofbacteria讲解.pptx

细菌的特殊结构2主讲老师：徐单单TheuniquestructureofbacteriaGuangdongFoodandDrugVocationalCollege广东食品药品职业学院

细菌的特殊结构201Theuniquestructureofbacteria

01细菌的特殊结构2Theuniquestructureofbacteria

细菌的特殊结构Theuniquestructureofbacteria芽孢荚膜鞭毛菌毛特殊结构uniquestructuresporecapsuleflagellumPili图1.细菌结构模式图Figure1.Bacterialstructuralpatterndiagram

（1）鞭毛，体外、细长、弯曲、蛋白质丝状物成分，鞭毛蛋白Ingredients,flagellinprotein(1)Flagella,invitro,slender,curved,proteinfilaments细菌的特殊结构Theuniquestructureofbacteria产生鞭毛的细菌种类，多数弧菌、螺菌Thetypesofbacteriathatproduceflagella,mostofwhichareVibrioandSpirogyra数目与大小1～数十根，Φ10～30nmNumberandsize:1totensofroots,withadiameterof10to30nm

细菌的特殊结构Theuniquestructureofbacteria鞭毛类型单毛、双毛、丛毛、周毛、侧毛Flagellatypes:singlehair,doublehair,tufthair,circumferentialhair,lateralhair观察方法电镜、鞭毛染色、半固体培养Observationmethods:Electronmicroscopy,flagellastaining,semi-solidculture

图2.鞭毛类型Figure2.Typesofflagella单毛双毛丛毛周毛

单毛双毛一端丛生图3.细菌的鞭毛Figure3.flagellaofbacteria

两端丛生鞭毛周生鞭毛图4.显微镜下观察的细菌鞭毛Figure4.Bacterialflagellaobservedusingamicroscope

鞭毛功能Thefunctionofflagella运动器官：具有趋避性Motororgans:havetendencytoavoid与致病性有关Relatedtopathogenicity有抗原性：H-抗原Antigenicity:H-antigen鉴别作用Identificationfunction

（2）菌毛，体表、比鞭毛更为纤细、短、直、硬的蛋白质丝状物，与运动无关(2)Fimbriae,proteinfilamentsonthesurfaceofthebodythatarethinner,shorter,straighter,andharderthanflagella,unrelatedtomovement细菌的特殊结构Theuniquestructureofbacteria产生菌毛的细菌种类，主要G-菌Thetypesofbacteriathatproducepili,mainlyG-bacteria成分，菌毛蛋白Ingredients,pilinprotein观察方法，电镜观察Observationmethod,electronmicroscopyobservation

图5.显微镜下观察得到的细菌菌毛Figure5.Bacterialpiliobservedusingamicroscope

菌毛种类，普通菌毛及性菌毛Typesofpili,ordinarypiliandsexualpili功能：黏附，与致病性有关Function:Adhesion,relatedtopathogenicity特点：多、密、短、细、直，周身分布Characteristics:Multiple,dense,short,thin,straight,di