呼吸衰竭英文版.pptx

RespiratoryFailure;KeyWords;

RespiratoryFailureDefinition;

ACUTERESPIRATORYFAILURE;respiratorydysfunctionresultinginabnormalitiesofoxygenationorventilation

impairorthreatenthefunctionofvitalorgans;

TypeI

Parenchyma

Edema

Vasculardisease

ChestWallPleuraldisease

;hypoxemia;;cyanosis,restlessness

confusion,anxiety,delirium

tachypnea,tachycardia

hypertension,cardiacarrhythmias

tremor;Dyspneaandheadache

peripheralandconjunctivahyperemia

hypertension,tachycardia,tachypnea

impairedconsciousness

papilledema,andasterixis;Diagnosis;specifictherapydirectedtowardtheunderlyingdisease;

respiratorysupportivecaredirectedtowardthemaintenanceofadequategasexchange;

generalsupportivecare.;Nonventilatory

aspects

;;经鼻面罩机械通气治疗前后血气变化（X±S）;;Hypoxemiawhichisnotquicklyreversedbysupplementaloxygen

Airwayobstruction

Impairedairwayprotection

Inadequatehandlingofsecretions

Facilitationofmechanicalventilation;Trachealintubation;Apnea

Acutehypercapniathatisnotquicklyreversedbyappropriatespecifictherapy

Severehypoxemia

Progressivepatientfatiguedespiteappropriatetreatment;Assistedmechanicalventilation(AMV)orassist/control(A/C)

Synchronizedintermittentmandatoryventilation(SIMV)

Pressuresupportventilation(PSV);Pressurecontrolventilation(PCV)

Continuouspositiveairwaypressure(CPAP)

Positiveend-expiratorypressure(PEEP);Atelectasisofthecentrolaterallungandoverdistentionoftheintubatedlung

Barotrauma,manifestedbysubcutaneousemphysema,pneumomediastinum,subpleuralaircysts,pneumothorax,orsystemicgasembolism;Subtleparenchymallunginjury

Acuterespiratoryalkalosis

Hypotension

Ventilator-associatedpneumonia,mortalityrateofthisdisorderisabout50–60%

;Nutrition

Psychologicalandemotionalsupport

Skincare

Meticulousavoidanceofnosocomialinfectionandcomplicationsoftrachealtubes

;Course

Prognosis;Prognosisofacuterespi