细菌的细胞壁结构徐单单Thesizeandmorphologyofbacteria讲解.pptx

细菌的细胞壁结构主讲老师：徐单单ThesizeandmorphologyofbacteriaGuangdongFoodandDrugVocationalCollege广东食品药品职业学院

细胞壁结构01Thecellwallstructureofbacteria

01细胞壁的结构Thecellwallstructureofbacteria

（1）外观形态：外层、无色透明、坚韧、有弹性、网状结构。细胞壁的观察方法：革兰染色法，1884年由丹麦医生革兰首次发明，是最经典的细菌鉴别染色法Observationmethodofcellwall:Gramstainingmethod,firstinventedbyDanishdoctorGramin1884,isthemostclassicbacterialidentificationstainingmethod细胞壁的结构（1）Appearance：Outerlayer,colorlessandtransparent,tough,elastic,withameshstructure。Thecellwallstructureofbacteria

图1.丹麦医生革兰Figure1.DanishdoctorGram依革兰染色法结果不同细菌分为两类：AccordingtotheresultsofGramstaining,differentbacteriaaredividedintotwocategories革兰阳性菌(G+)革兰染色蓝紫色Grampositivebacteria(G+)Gramstainingbluepurple革兰阴性菌(G-)革兰染色红色Gramnegativebacteria(G-)Gramstainingred

图2.G+菌与G-菌的染色Figure2.StainingofG+bacteriaandG-bacteriaG+菌G-菌

细胞壁的结构Thecellwallstructureofbacteria(2)细胞壁成分与结构(2)Compositionandstructureofcellwall共有成分—肽聚糖，G＋菌层多，G-菌层少Commoncomponents-peptidoglycan,withmoreG+bacteriallayerandlessG-bacteriallayer特有成分—G＋菌，磷壁酸；G-菌，外膜Uniquecomponent--G+,bacterialphosphatewallacid;G-,OutermembraneofGram

图4.G+菌肽聚糖单层结构示意图Figure4.SchematicdiagramofG+peptidoglycanmonolayerstructure四肽侧链Tetrapeptidesidechain五肽交联桥Pentapeptidecross-linkingbridgeGMGMGM聚糖骨架PolysaccharideskeletonGMGMGMGMGMGMGMGMGMG+菌肽聚糖单层结构三维立体ThreedimensionalstructureofG+peptidoglycanmonolayerG+菌的肽聚糖PeptidoglycanofG+bacteriaGN-乙酰葡萄糖胺MN-乙酰胞壁酸N-acetylmuramicacidMN-acetylglucosamineN-acetylmuramicacid

GN-乙酰葡萄糖胺MN-乙酰胞壁酸聚糖骨架四肽侧链PolysaccharideskeletonTetrapeptidesidechainN-acetylmuramicacidMN-acetylglucosamineG②G-菌肽聚糖peptidoglycan图5.G-肽菌聚糖单体Figure5.G-polysaccharidemonomer

MGMGMGMGMGMGMGMGMG聚糖骨架Polysaccharideskeleton四肽侧链TetrapeptidesidechainG-菌肽聚糖单层结构二维平面Twodimensionalplaneo