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migraine
偏头痛
ChongqingUniversityofMedicalScience
Migraineismanifestedbyheadachethatis
arecurrence,usuallyunilateralandfrequently
pulsatileinquality搏动性;itisoftenassociated
withnausea,vomiting,photophobia畏光,
phonophobia惧声andlassitude乏力.Visualor
otherneurologicauras神经学先兆occurinabout
10%ofpatients.
Theonsetisearlyinlifeapproximately25%
beginningduringthefirstdecade,55%by20
yearsofage,morethan90%beforeage40.
A.Causeandpathogenesis
Therealcausesandthepathogenesisand
pathophysiologiccourseofmigraineisunknown.
1.Certainfoods:tyramine酪胺-containing
cheeses,meat,suchashotdogsorbacon,with
nitrite亚硝酸preservatives,chocolatecontaining
butnotchocolatealone.Foodadditives:
monosodiumglutamate谷氨酸一钠;
Fasting禁食;Emotion情绪;Menses月经;
Drugs:especiallyoralcontraceptiveagents;
vasodilators(nitriglycerin硝酸甘油)
Brightslightsmayalsotriggerorprecipitate
attacks.
2.Genetics:About60%patientsofmigraine
havefamilies.Threegeneticlociforfamilial
hemiplegicmigraine(偏瘫型)havebeenidentified
3.Endocrinefactor内分泌异常
Gender:womenmen(2/3to3/4ofcases
occurinwomen);Headachemostlyoccurs
beforeormenacme月经期inwomen,andthe
headachebecomesreductionorstoppinginpregnancyandaftermenopause绝经.
Themigrainealsostopsinmenofafterclimacterium更年期.
4.vasomotorandautonomic血管运动和自律神经
Intracranialvasoconstrictionandextracranial
vasodilatationhavelongbeenheldtobethe
respectivecausesoftheauraandheadache
phasesofmigraine.ButthestudyofCBF脑血流
can’tconfirm.
5.spreadingdepression扩布性抑制
MorerecentstudiesofrCBF局部脑血流during
migraineattackshavedemonstratedareduction
inregionalflow,whichbeginsintheoccipital
regionandthentowardswith1cm/svelocit
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