回中州一剑应无恙海.ppt

11CellularBiologySchoolofLifeSciencesShaanxiNormalUniversity

2CHAPTER6MITOCHONDRIONANDCHLOROPLAST

I.MitochondrionStructureanddistribution:Usually,mitochondrionislikeaparticleorrodandotherscomposedofproteins(65-70%)andlipids(25-30%)at0.5~1μmdiameterand1.5~3.0μmlength.Themitochondriainthecellsofpancreascanbe10~20μmatlengthcalledhugemitochondrion.Thenumberofmitochondrioninacellcanbehundredstothousands,andlessinplantcellthaninanimalcellbecauseofchloroplast.Someunicellularorganismcontains500,000mitochondriainside,butmammalianerythrocytescontainnoanymitochondrioninside.Mitochondrioncanmigrateincellalongmicrotube,andmotorproteinsuppliesenergyforthat.

1.OutermembraneOutermembranecontainslipids(40%)andproteins(60%).Therearethehydrophilictunnelscomposedofporinthatallowsthemoleculeslighterthan5KDpassedthrough.2.InnermembraneInnermembranecontainsmorethan100typesofpolypeptidewithalowpermeability.Theelectrontransmissionchainofoxidativephosphorylationislocatedininnermembrane.CytochromeCreductaseisthemarkerenzymeforinnermembrane.Innermembranecanbepleatedintoinsidetoformcristae.Thecristaesenlargetheareaofinnermembraneto5–10folds.Cristaecanbetwotypesofshape:lamellaortube.Elementaryparticlesarelocatedoncristae,andcomposedofheadpart(F1conjugatefactor)andelemantarypart(F0conjugatefactor).F0insertsintoinnermembrane.3.IntermembranespaceItisbetweeninnermembraneandoutermembranewith6-8nmwidth.Adenylatekinaseisthemarkerenzymeforintermembranespace.

01Photoofmitochondrion02Lamellacritae03Innermembrane04Outermembrane05Intermembranespace

6AmodelstructureofmitochondrionMatrix

74.MatrixTheareasurroundedbycristae,intermembranespaceandinnermembrane.Exceptingglycolysis(inplas