初中英语教学：非谓语动词8K.doc

非谓语动词

一．定义

IwanttovisittheGreatwall./Ihavelotsofworktodo./Imusthavemybrokenwatchrepaired./Isawhimplayingbasketballatthattimeyesterday.非谓语动词在句中不充当谓语，充当其他句法功能的动词，没有人称和数的变化，但有语态和时态的变化。它的形式有三种：动词不定式（todo）,分词（现在分词doing和过去分词done）和动名词。

（一）．动词不定式（todo）

作主语

TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.=ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.

Tohearfromyouisnice.=Itisnicetohearfromyou.

Itisveryexpensiveformetobuyacar./Itisverykindofyoutosayso.

作表语

MyjobistoteachEnglish./Mydreamistobeabasketballplayer.

Heseemstoknowtheanswertothisquestion.

作（后置）定语

Ihavelotsofworktodo./Iwantsomethingtoeat./HewantstofindapartnertopracticeEnglishwith./Heboughtanapartmenttolivein.

4.作宾语

①wanttodo,decidetodo,wouldliketodo,plantodo,learntodo,hopetodo,wishtodo,refusetodo,pretendtodo,agreetodo,choosetodo

②like,hate,begin,start,continue,try,forget,remember,stop,goon,need

作宾语补足语

①asksbtodo,tellsbtodo,wantsbtodo,allowsbtodo,wouldlikesbtodo,wishsbtodo,helpsb(to)do

②letsbdo,makesbdo,havesbdo,seesbdo,watchsbdo,hearsbdo,feelsbdo,noticesbdo,hadbetterdo,whynotdo,couldyoupleasedo

作状语

Hehasgonetothesupermarkettobuysomevegetables.(目的状语)

Hecameheretoborrowmybookyesterday.

Theboyistooyoungtodresshimself.(结果状语)

6.作独立成分

Tobehealthy,don’teatjunkfood.

ToimprovemyEnglish,Ipracticeithard

7.疑问词+动词不定式（todo）

①疑问词+动词不定式（todo）作宾语，主语，表语等

Ican’tdecidewhichonetochoose.(作宾语)

Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.(作主语)

Thequestionishowtogetthere.(作表语)

②动词不定式和疑问副词（when,where,how,）不定式由及物动词构成，不定式应带宾语，如：Idon’tknowhowtodoit.=Idon’tknowwhattodo.

Iwanttoknowwhentousethecomputer.(作宾语)

③动词不定式和疑问代词（what,which）连用时，如果疑问代词作为不定式的逻辑宾语时，则在不定式的动词后不可再用代词作为其宾语，以避免重复。如：Idon’tknowwha