第五章中枢神经系统药物ChapterCentralNervoussystemDrugs第一节镇静.ppt

*****************************第五章中枢神经系统药物

Chapter5CentralNervoussystemDrugs第一节镇静催眠药Section1sedativehypnotics背景介绍

BackgroundIntroduction中枢神经系统药物对中枢神经活动起到抑制或兴奋的作用，用于治疗相关的疾病。Thecentralnervoussystemdrugcaninhibitorexcitethecentralnervousactivities,soitcanbeusedtotreatrelateddiseases.中枢神经系统药物Centralnervoussystemdrugs镇静催眠药Sedativehypnotics抗精神病失常药Antipsychotics镇痛药Analgesics抗老年痴呆及改善脑代谢药Anti-seniledementiaandbrainmetabolismimprovingdrugs学习目标——知识要求

LearningObjectives-Knowledgerequirements掌握Master----------------熟悉Befamiliarwith----------------了解Understand-----------镇静催眠药的结构类型；典型药物地西泮、苯巴比妥的化学结构、理化性质及临床用途。Structuraltypesofsedativehypnotics;Chemicalstructures,physicochemicalpropertiesandclinicalusesoftypicaldrugs,suchasdiazepam,phenobarbital.苯二氮?类、巴比妥类药物的构效关系。Structure-activityrelationshipofbenzodiazepinesandbarbiturates.镇静催眠药的概念；镇静催眠药的发展；酒石酸唑吡坦的理化性质及临床用途。Theconceptofsedativehypnotics;developmentofsedativehypnotics;Physicochemicalpropertiesandclinicalusesofzolpidemtartrate.学习目标——技能要求

LearningObjectives-Skillrequirements熟练掌握Master----------------学会分析Learntoanalyze----------------典型药物的化学鉴别方法。Chemicalidentificationmethodfortypicaldrugs.典型药物的结构特征；会应用药物的理化性质解决药物在合理用药、制剂、分析检验、储存养护、使用等方面的问题。Structuralcharacteristicsoftypicaldrugs;solvetheproblemsofrationaldruguse,preparation,analysisandtesting,storageandmaintenance,anduseofdrugsbyapplyingthephysicochemicalpropertiesofdrugs.镇静催眠药SedativeHypnotics镇静药可使人处于安静或思睡状态，催眠药可引起类似正常的睡眠，两者并没有明显界限，常因剂量不同而产生不同效果，通常小剂量时镇静，较大剂量时催眠，大剂量时则产生麻醉、抗惊厥作用，统称镇静催眠药。Sedativescanmakepeopleinaquietorsleepystate,whilehypnoticscancausesimilarnormalsleep,thereisnoclearboundarybetweenthetwodrugs,andtheyhavedifferenteffectsduetodifferentdoses,usuallyasmalldosecanachievethesedativeeffect,alargerdosecanachieveth