高三英语二轮12个专题复习学案.docVIP

第一篇根底稳固篇

专题复习一高中英语词汇词形转换总结

第一局部词形转换总结

一、名词的复数形式构成：

1.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数

(1)加s,如：cafes,giraffes

(2)去f,fe加ves,如：

half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveslife-liveswolf-wolves

thief-thievesself-selveswife-wivesshelf-shelves

歌诀记忆：树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄；妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割粮；架(shelf)后窜出一匹狼(wolf)；就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)亡。这9个名词变复数时,都要改f(e)为v,再加es,

2.以o结尾的名词,变复数

(1)加s,如：photo-photospiano-pianosradio-radios

zoo-zooskilo-kilos

(2)加es,如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesmango-mangoes,

Negro-Negroeshero-heroes

歌诀记忆：黑人(Negro)和英雄(hero)爱吃芒果、西红柿(tomato)和马铃署

(potato).除了这五个以o结尾的名词加es外,其余的以o结尾的词加s.

3.表示“国家”的名词变复数

Chinese-ChineseJapanese-JapaneseEnglishman-EnglishmenFrenchman-Frenchmen Russian-Russians Indian-IndiansCanadian-Canadians American-Americans

歌诀记忆：中(Chinese)日(Japanese)不变,英(Englishman)法(Frenchman)变,其余s加后面。

4.以复数形式出现的名词

goods货物trousers/pants/jeans/shorts裤子clothes衣服glasses眼镜

5.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词

(1)maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。

(2)news是不可数名词。

(3)theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。

6.由man和woman构成的合成名词,两个构成局部都要变成复数

如：amanworker-twomenworkers(男工人)

awomandoctor-twowomendoctors(女医生)

7.以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词,变y为i再加es。例如：

baby-babies,city-cities,story-stories,party-parties,lady-ladies,diary-diaries,century-centuries,copy-copies,还有:country,company,factory,family,memory,enemy,hobby,dictionary,university

8.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es,如：

class,bus,boss,class,glass,dress,box,fox,watch,speech,beach,church,sandwich,coach,match,inch,brush,dish,wish,fish

9.其他不规那么变化

man-men,woman-women,goose-geese,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-childrenfish-fish,deer-deer,sheep-sheep,mouse-mice,fisherman-fishermen,policeman-policemen,chairman-chairmen,spaceman-spacemen,postman-postmen,salesman-salesmen,snowman-snowmen.

歌诀记忆：男人(man)女人(woman)a变e,鹅(goose)足(foot)牙(tooth)oo变ee,孩子(child)加上ren,鱼(fish)鹿(deer)绵羊(sheep)不用变。

[注]:fish指鱼的种类时,要加上es构成其复数；当指鱼的条数时,单复数同形；指鱼肉时,为不可数名词。