《材料研究方法》第1讲综述.pptx

1Al2O3MgOSiO2OptionalratioheatingRawmaterialsingleelementmaterialAl:Aluminum(Cubic)Mg:Magnesium(Cubic)Mg:Magnesium(Hexagonal)Si:Silicon(Cubic)Si:Silicon(Hexagonal)Si:Silicon(Monoclinic)

2Al-oxidesAl2O3CorundumAl2O3RubyAl2O3CubictypeAl2O3HexagonaltypeAl2O3TetragonaltypeAl2O3Orthohombictype…About30typesMg-oxidesMgOPericlase(Cubic)MgO(Cubic)MgO2(unknown)MgO4(Tetragonal)4types

3Mg-Al-oxidesMgAl2O4SpinelMg-Al-OMgAl26O40Mg0.866Al1.830O3.611Mg0.388Al2.408O4Mg0.36Al2.44O4Crawfordite(Mg0.4Al0.6)Al1.8O4……Al-Si-oxidesAl2SiO5sillimaniteAl2SiO5kyaniteAl2SiO5andalusiteAl2SiO5sillimanite……

4Al-Si-oxidesAl2SiO5sillimaniteAl2SiO5kyaniteAl2SiO5andalusiteAl2SiO5sillimanite……

5Mg-Al-Si-oxidesMg2Al4Si5O18CordieriteMg3Al2Si3O12PyropeMg2(Al4Si5O18)CordieriteMg4Al10Si2O23sappirineMg2Al4Si5O18indialiteMg2Al3(Si3Al)O10O8chlorite…About50kindsTotally300-400typesofphase

6Purpos：Todetermine(1)thechemicalcomposition,(2)thestructure,(3)thesurfacemorphology,(4)thephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofthematerials.

7Outline1.1Chemicalcompositionanalysis:

todeterminethekindsandthecontentsoftheelementsinamaterial.

QualitativeandQuantitative

8QualitativeandQuantitative（定性分析和定量分析）Qualitativeanalysisisusedtodeterminethekindsofcationsandanions（阳离子和阴离子）inasamplesubstanceQuantitativeanalysisisusedtodeterminethekindsandthecontentsofcationsandanionsinasamplesubstance

9Describingthechemicalcomposition:Weightconcentration:forsolid,liquid

Generalelement%wt

MicroElement:ug/g(g/t)(ppm)10-6

Super-micro:ng/g(ppb)10-9

HintElement:pg/g(ppt)10-12

Volumeconcentration:forliquid,gas

General:mol/L

Micro:mmol/L