新课标2025届高考英语一轮复习专题三阅读理解考点十八科普研究类含解析.docVIP

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考点十八科普探讨类

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Couldthedevice,smartphoneorPC,whichyoureusingaffectthemoraldecisionsyoumakewhenusingit?Totestit,researcherspresentedmultipledilemmastoasamplesetof1,010people．Theparticipantswereassignedadeviceatrandom．

Onecaseofthequestionsparticipantswereaskedistheclassic“trolley(有轨电车)problem”：Arunawaytrolleyisheadedtowardsfivepeopletieduponasetoftraintracks．Youcandonothing,resultinginthedeathsoffivepeople,orpushamanoffabridge,whichwillstopthetrolley．Thepracticalresponseistokillonemantosavefivelives,which33．5percentofsmartphoneuserschose,comparedto22．3percentofPCusers．

“Whatwefoundinourstudyisthatwhenpeopleusedasmartphonetoviewclassicmoralproblems,theyweremorelikelytomakemoreunemotional,reasonabledecisionswhenpresentedwithahighlyemotionaldilemma，”DrAlbertBarqueDuran,theleadauthorofthestudy,toldCityUniversityofLondon．“ThiscouldbeduetotheincreasedtimepressureoftenpresentwithsmartphonesandalsotheincreasedpsychologicaldistancewhichcanoccurwhenweusesuchdevicescomparedtoPCs．”

Asforwhytheresearchersstartedthisstudy,DrBarqueDurannoted,“Duetothefactthatoursociallives,workandevenshoppingtakeplaceonline,itisimportanttothinkabouthowthecontextswherewetypicallyfacemoraldecisionsandareaskedtoengageinmoralbehaviorhavechanged,andtheimpactthiscouldhaveonthehundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhousesuchdevicesdaily．”Itsclearthatweneedmoreresearchonhowourdevicesaffectourmoraldecisionmakingbecausewereusingscreensataneverincreasingrate．

1．Whydidtheauthormentionthetrolleyproblem?

A．Tointroduceadifficultproblemtoreaders．

B．Tointroducetheaimofcarryingoutthestudy．

C．Toshowanexampleofthequestionsinthestudy．

D．Toshowthedifficultyindealingwithdilemmas．

答案：C推理推断题。依据