练案[34]选择性必修第四册　UNIT3　SEAEXPLORATION.pdfVIP

练案[34]

选择性必修第四册UNIT3SEAEXPLORATION

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2022·江苏省七校调测)

High-pitched(高音的)andyetdistinct,thesoundofavoicecallingthename“Amy”is

unmistakable.Butthisisn’tahumancry—it’sthevoiceofakillerwhalecalledWikie.

Newresearchrevealsthatorcas(虎鲸)areabletoimitatehumanspeech,sayingwordssuchas

“hello”，“one,two”and“byebye”.Thestudyalsoshowsthatthecreaturesareabletocopy

unfamiliarsoundsproducedbyotherorcas.

WritinginthejournalBiologicalSciences,researchersfrominstitutionsinGermany,U.K．，

SpainandChile,describehowtheycarriedoutthelatestresearchwithWikie,a14-year-oldfemale

orcalivinginanaquarium(水族馆)inFrance.

AfterfirstbrushingupWikie’sgraspofthe“copy”command,shewastrainedtoimitatethree

familiarorcasoundsmadebyher3-year-oldMoana.Wikiewasthenadditionallyexposedtofive

orcasoundsshehadneverheardbefore,includingnoisessoundinglikeacreaking(嘎吱响)door.

Finally,Wikiewasexposedtoahumanmakingthreeoftheorcasounds,aswellassixhuman

sounds，including“hello”，“Amy”，“ahha”，“one,two”and“byebye”．

TheteamfoundthatWikiewasoftenquicklyabletocopythesounds,whetherfromanorcaora

human,withallofthenovelnoisescopiedwithin17trials.What’smore,twohumansoundsandall

ofthehuman-producedorcasoundsweremanagedonthefirstattempt—althoughonlyonehuman

sound“hello”wascorrectlyproducedmorethan50%ofthetimeonsubsequenttrials.

Thecreaturesarealreadyknownfortheirabilitytocopythemovementsofotherorcas,with

somereportssuggestingtheycanalsocopythesoundsofbottlenosedolphinsandsea