奈达与功能对等.pptVIP

GroupMembers:TheTranslationTheoryofNidaContributionofDynamicEquivalenceLimitationofDynamicEquivalenceNidasTranslationTheoryEquivalenceTheory“equivalence”cannotbeunderstoodinitsmathematicalmeaningofidentity,butintermsofproximity,i.e.onthebasisofdegreesofclosenesstofunctionalidentity“FormalequivalenceF-Efocusesattentiononthemessageitself,inbothformandcontent.Suchtranslationsthenwouldbeconcernedwithsuchcorrespondencesaspoetrytopoetry,sentencetosentence,andconcepttoconcept注重形式对等的主导原则“以原文为中心，尽可能的显示出原文信息的形式和内容。”形式对等—FormalEquivalence1.语法单位｛2.词语用法的连贯性（术语）3.原文文本的意义（习语）｛a.词性对等b.保留词组和句子完整性c.保留所有形式指标ConceptionsofFunctionalEquivalenceFirstputforwardin1964．Emphasis:thefunctionalequivalenceofinformationinsteadofthedirectformalequivalenceintranslationTherelationshipbetweenthetargetlanguagereceptorandthetargettextshouldgenerallybeequivalenttothatbetweenthesourcelanguagereceptorandthesourcetext注重动态对等的主导原则动态对等—DynamicEquivalence“与源语信息最切近的自然对等物。”接受语言源语言自然的翻译｛接受语言和接受文化特定信息的语境接受语的受众(读者)01自然的翻译02“另一方面，并不总能确定原文的受众是如何反应的，或人们设想他们是如何反应的。”03“以语言解码的经验和能力层次为基础，对翻译的适合程度进行判断。”04（接受语的受众）05译文读者的反应06原文读者的反应toteachone’sgrandmothertosuckeggs;toteachfishtoswim教祖母吸吃鸡蛋；教鱼游泳（directformalequivalence）班门弄斧；关公面前舞大刀（functionalequivalence）Example:FunctionalequivalenceThereadersofatranslatedtextshouldbeabletounderstandandappreciateitessentiallythesameastheoriginalreadersdid.Maximalequivalence:最高层次的对等01Thereadersofatranslatedtextshouldbeabletocomprehendittothepointthattheycanconceiveofhowtheoriginalreadersofthetextmusthaveunderstoodandappreciatedit.Minimalequivalence:最低层次对等02NidasTranslationProcedure(1)toreducethesourcetexttoitsstructurallysimplestandmostsemanticallyevidentkernels;(2)totransferthemeaningfromthe