种常见英语构词法.pptVIP

英语构词法1.affixation词缀法2.Compounding合成法3.conversion词性转换法4.Acronym首字母缩略词5.clipping剪切法缩短法6.blending混合法7.Onomatopoeia拟声法8.borrowingwordsfromotherlanguages（外来语）9.addingnewmeaningintoexistingwords（已有词汇增加新词意）1affixation词缀法是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。前缀一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变化，只有少数能引起词类的变化。mis-+understandv.理解--misunderstandv.误解en-+largeadj.大的enlargev.扩大(Page247:AppendixIII)1affixation词缀法后缀一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化。1humorn.幽默humorousadj.幽默的2realadj.真实的realizev.实现3trendn.潮流，时尚trendyadj.时尚的4特殊情况：5helpn.帮助helplessadj.无助的6dutyn.关税dutyfreeadj.免税的72Compounding合成法由两个或两个以上的单词组成新的单词n.+n.six-year-oldgreenhousebaby-sittersnowfallThemeparkmailordermother-tonguedoorbellsister-in-lawdeathpenaltysunglassesmineralwatersunflowercreditcardbestmanhouseworkbridesmaidshoeshopn.+adj=n./adjcolor-blindduty-freeworld-famoustoothachen.+v-ing=n./adjproof-readingwatch-makinghand-writtingrecord-breakingearthshakingpeace-lovingn+v-ed=adjhand-madeheart-brokenadj.+n.=n.shorthandwhite-face（？）first-classhigh-speedlong-distancequick-chargeadj.+v-ing/v-ed=adj.new-borngood-lookingdeep-breathingfar-reachingcold-bloodedleft-handedadv.+v-ing/v-ed=adj.hard-wokingfast-developingwell-knownnewly-builtv-ing.+n.=nsittingroomdiningcarrunningwaterworkingpeopleflyingfishv.+n.=n.pickpocket(？)breakwater（放浪堤）workplacev.+adv.=n.get-togethertake-away(熟食)die-hard(死硬派)breakthroughworkout3conversion词性转化法是指有一种词性转化为另一种词性。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义联系密切.watern.水waterv.浇水handn.手handin上交v.telephonen.电话telephonev.打电话lookv.