《土木工程专业英语 第2版》 课件全套 鲁正 Unit1 Introduction to Reinforced Concrete ---Unit15 Scientific English Writing Skills.pptx

EnglishforCivilEngineering——

Unit1IntroductiontoReinforcedConcreteDesign

Unit1IntroductiontoReinforcedConcreteDesign

1.1Concrete,ReinforcedConcrete,andPrestressedConcrete

(混凝土，钢筋混凝土，以及预应力混凝土)

·1.2StructuralForms(结构形式)

·1.3Loads(荷载)

·1.4Serviceability,Strength,andStructuralSafety(可用性，强度以及结构安全性)

·1.4.1VariabilityofLoads(荷载变异性)

·1.4.2Strength(强度)

·1.4.3StructuralSafety(结构安全性)

·1.5DesignBasis(设计基础)

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1.1Concrete,ReinforcedConcrete,andPrestressedConcrete

Concreteisastonelikematerialobtainedbypermittingacarefullyproportioned

mixtureofcement,sandandgravelorotheraggregate,andwatertohardeninformsoftheshapeanddimensionsofthedesiredstructure.Thebulkofthe

materialconsistsoffineandcoarseaggregate.Cementandwaterinteract

chemicallytobindtheaggregateparticlesintoasolidmass.Additionalwater,overandabovethatneededforthischemicalreaction,isnecessarytogivethemixturetheworkabilitythatenablesittofilltheformsandsurroundthe

embeddedreinforcingsteelpriortohardening.

·混凝土的组成

·stonelike像石头一样的cement水泥coarse粗糙的workability和易性

gravel砂砾aggregate骨料

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1.1Concrete,ReinforcedConcrete,andPrestressedConcrete

Concreteswithawiderangeofpropertiescanbeobtainedbyappropriateadjustment

oftheproportionsoftheconstituentmaterials.Specialcements(suchashighearly

strengthcements),specialaggregates(suchasvariouslightweightorheavyweight

aggregates),admixtures(suchasplasticizers,air-entrainingagents,silicafume,andflyash),andspecialcuringmethods(suchassteam-curing)permitanevenwidervarietyofpropertiestobeobtained.

·特种混凝土

·property特性constituent构成的admixture外加剂plasticizer塑化剂

air-entrainingagent加气剂silicafume硅粉flyash粉煤灰steam-curing蒸汽养护

·

1.1Concrete,ReinforcedConcrete,andPrestressedConcrete

Thesepropertiesdependtoaverysubstanti