热点03 科普知识与现代技术（解析版）.docx

热点03科普知识与现代技术

人工智能与教育：AI技术在教育领域的应用，如智能辅导、在线考试、听力训练等，将成为中考的重要内容。

现代技术的日常生活应用：如移动支付、高铁、共享单车等“中国新四大发明”，体现了现代技术对生活的便利性。

科技与未来生活：包括机器人技术、智能家居等，探讨科技如何改变未来的生活方式。

科技创新与社会：如大数据、云计算等前沿技术对社会发展的推动作用，以及科技与环境保护、可持续发展的关系。

这些内容不仅考查学生对现代技术的理解，还引导他们思考科技对社会和个人生活的深远影响。

（建议用时：40分钟）

科普知识

文章1

（2025·上海浦东新·一模）Doyouknowsomepeoplecan“see”theworldbyusingtheirears?

Peopleneedtomakeclickingsoundswiththeirtongues.Whenthesoundwaveshitanobject,theycomebackasechoes(回声).Thenpeoplelistentothedifferencesintheechoesandtell1thethingisinthedarksotheycanfindtheirway.Thisiscalledecholocation.Bypracticingthis,blindpeoplenowcandomanythings,includingridingbikesaloneorplayingbasketball!Alltheseusedtobe2forthemwithoutthisskill.

Inthepast,scientiststhoughtonlyblindpeoplecouldlearnecholocation.Accordingtoaresearch,afterapersonlosessight,therearesomechangesinhisbrain.Sohisbrainworks3comparedwiththepast.Scientistsbelievedthiswasthekeytolearningecholocation.Butnowanewstudyshowsthatsighted(看得见的)peoplecanlearnittoo!Inthestudy,bothblindandsightedpeopleweretrainedfor10weeks,learningtomakeclickingsoundsandusethemtonavigateinthedark.Withpractice,bothgroupsimproved!

What’sthe4behind?Whenscientistsstudiedtheirbrainsafterthe10-weektraining,theyfoundthatthevisualcortex(视觉皮层)becamemoreactivewhenpeoplelistened.Thishappenedtobothblindandsightedpeople!Scientistsguessthispartofbraindoesn’tjustprocesswhatpeoplesee—italso5informationfromothersenses,likehearing,smellandtaste.

Forblindpeople,echolocationismorethanaskillthatmakestheirliveseasier.Manysaidtheyfeltmoreconfident.Evenmore,thisdiscoveryshowshow6ourbrainsare.Evenifyoucan’tsee,yourbraincanlearnnewskills,usingsoundstohelpyou“see”theworld!

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