语言学讲义考研5semantics.ppt

“Lead(v)and“lead”(n)_____isNotapairofhomophones.“Flea”and“flee”“Fair”(adj)and“fair”(n)Answer:C“Compliment”and“complement”1Therelationshipbetween“meat”and“meet”is_____.2synonymy3antonymy4polysemy5homonymyThenoun“tear”andtheverb“tear”are_____.homophoneshomographscompletehomonymsallophonesAnswer:Bpolysemy考研语言学谭宗燕*Ifonewordhasmorethanonemeaning,thenwecallit_____.synonymyhyponymypolysemyhomonymyAnswer:A大连2002考研语言学谭宗燕*Classifythefollowingpairsofwordsaccordingtothesenserelation,.Putthenumberbeforethepairinthespaceprovided.eg:(1)alive/dead(2)buy/sellComplementaryantonyms(1)1.always/never2.borrow/lend3.tale/tail4.satellite/moon5.relinquish/retain6.boot/trunk7.over/under8.mercury/quicksilver9.fabric/rayon10.sole(ofashoe)/sole(thefish)A.Complementaryantonyms_______B.synonyms________C.relationalopposites____________D.gradableantonyms____________E.homonyms___________F.polysemy________G.hyponymy____________1/5,8,2/7,…,3/10,6,4/9湖南师大2003考研语言学谭宗燕*Whatrelationshipdotheyhavebetweeneachother?C.lend-borrowd.male-femaleA.tree-maple,birchb.flour-flowerE.big-smallKey:hyponymy,homonymy,relationalopposites,complementarity,gradability北师大2003考研语言学谭宗燕*PrimaterabbitcrocodilePutthefollowingwordsinahierarchicalorder(youcanuseatreediagram)andtrytodefineatleasttwoofthem.crocodile,mammal,reptile,rabbit,primate,animalanimalmammalreptile东大2003考研语言学谭宗燕*Key:blueasin青取之于蓝而青于蓝darkgreenasin两岸青山相对出，青箬笠绿蓑衣WhatarethepossiblecolorsofChinese青inenglish?Whatdoesthisreflectinsemantics?blackasin青牛白马Thisreflectsthatthesamewordmayhaveasetofdifferentmeanings,thatis,thepolysemyofaword.ComponentialAnalysis(CA)Theanalysisofwordmeaningsorcomponentialanalysisisoftenseenasaprocessof