《英语修辞学》课件 5-7. Metonymy 借代 Synecdoche, Antonomasia.ppt

EnglishRhetoricFiguresofRelationshipFiguresofRelationship

5.Metonymy借代，转喻，换喻6.Synecdoche借代，举隅法7.Antonomasia借代，提喻5.Metonymy借代，转喻，换喻Definition:(SeeP095)Metonymyisafigureofspeechthathastodowiththesubstitutionofthenameofonethingforthatofanother.ContinuedThissubstitutednamemaybeanattributeofthatotherthingorbecloselyassociatedwithit.Inotherwords,itinvolvesa“changeofname,”thesubstitutednamesuggestingthethingmeant.5.MetonymyMetonymycanbederivedfromvarioussources----fromnamesofpersons,fromanimals,professions,locationsorplacenames,etc.,asillustratedbelow:A.Namesofpersons1)JohnBull:England,ortheEnglishpeople2)UncleSam:TheUnitedStatesofAmerica3)Ivan:theRussianpeople4)JohnDoe:ordinaryAmericancitizenB.Animals1)BritishLion:EnglandortheEnglishgovernment2)theBear:RussiaortheformerSovietUnion3)S.E.Asiantigers:economicallysuccessfulnationsorregionsinS.E.Asia4)Chinesedragon:ChinaC.Partsofthebody1)heart:feelingsoremotionse.g.:hurtone’sheart2)head,brain:wisdom,intelligence,reasone.g.:Herheartruledherhead.3)grayhair:oldagee.g.:Grayhairsshouldberespected.D.Professions1)thebar:thelegalprofessionHehasbeencalledtothebar.他取得律师资格。2)thebench:positionofjudgeormagistrateHehasbeenappointedtothebench.D.Professions3)theveil:vocationofanunShetooktheveilat20.4)thepress:newspaper;newspaperreportersHeismeetingthepressthismorning.5)themedia:thecommunicationsindustry(TV,radio,etc.)E.Locationsofgovernment,ofbusinessorindustrialenterprises1)DowningStreet:theBritishgovernmentorcabinet2)TheWhiteHouse:thePresidentorExecutivebranchoftheU.S.government3)CapitolHill:thelegislativebranchoftheU.S.governmentE.Locationsofgovernment,ofbusinessorindustrialenterprises4)thePentag