柴油机的调速BUSELECTRICALINSTALLATI.pptx

柴油机的调速主讲人牛小伟ZHENGZHOURAILWAYVOCATIONALTECHNICALCOLLEGE客车电气装置/BUSELECTRICALINSTALLATION主讲人牛小伟SpeakerNiuxiaowei

柴油机的调速飞轮飞轮壳曲轴曲轴发电车柴油机的电子调速系统根据负载的大小可自动微调循环的供油量，从而达到控制柴油机的转速的目的。Thespeedregulationofthegeneratorisautomaticallyfine-tunedbytheamountofoilpercycleaccordingtothesizeoftheload,soastoachievethepurposeofcontrollingthespeedofthedieselengine.连杆活塞飞轮

调速原理电子调速器由测速传感器、调速控制器、执行器三部分组成。Theelectronicgovernoriscomposedofthreeparts:speedmeasurementsensor,speedcontrolcontrollerandactuator.发电机组运行时，由装在飞轮壳上的测速传感器感应发电机组转速信号，当旋转中的飞轮齿通过磁性转速传感器时，就会在线圈内产生电脉冲信号，脉冲信号发生的频率反应了柴油机的转速，如齿数为142齿，当转速为1500rpm时，传感器每秒钟将测得3550个电脉冲。Whenthegeneratorisrunning,thespeedmeasurementsensorinstalledontheflywheelshellsensesthespeedsignalofthegeneratorset.Whentherotatingflywheelteethpassthemagneticspeedsensor,theelectricpulsesignalwillbegeneratedinthecoil.Thefrequencyofthepulsesignalreflectsthespeedofthedieselengine,suchasthenumberofteethis142,whenthespeedis1500r/min,thesensorwillmeasure3550electricpulsespersecond.高频脉冲信号送入装在控制屏仪表箱内的调速控制器，与预先设置的参考信号作比较，Thehighfrequencypulsesignalissentintothespeedcontrolcontrollerinstalledintheinstrumentboxofthecontrolscreenandcomparedwiththepresetreferencesignal.如果频率有偏差，通过改变通往执行器的电流大小来改变油门大小，从而改变流向喷油器的燃油压力，以改变喷入气缸中的燃油量达到控制柴油机的转速或功率的目的。Ifthefrequencywithdeviations,therotationofthecurrentleadingtotheactuatorandtheacceleratorshaftischangedtochangethethrottlesize,andthefuelpressureflowingtotheinjectorischangedtochangethefuelamountinthespraycylindertocontroltherotationspeedorpowerofthedieselengine.

CONTENTS01测速传感器Velocitysensor02执行器Actuator03调速控制板Speedcontrolpanel04超速控制保护板Overspeedcontrolpanel

一、测速传感器测速传感器中的永久磁心绕着线圈，通过导磁性外壳在端部形成磁极，当端部有导磁性齿轮经过时，线圈中感应脉冲。脉冲代表齿轮的转速，即柴油机的转速。Thepermanentmagneticcenterinthespeedsensorgoesaroundthecoilandformsamagneti