高一英语素材：备课资料UintBacktothePastperiod8.docxVIP

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精

备课资料

TheMogao

TheMogaoCaves，orMogaoGrottoes（Chinese：莫高窟)formasystemof492templesnearDunhuang，inGansuprovince,China。TheyarealsoknownastheCavesoftheThousandBuddhas,Qianfodong（Chinese：千佛洞）,ortheCavesofDunhuang。Theuseoftheword“cave”isabitofamisnomer,sincethesearenotnatural，butinsteadexamplesofrock-cutarchitecture.

Locallegendsaysthatin366CEtheBuddhistmonkLezun(乐尊）hadavisionofathousandBuddhasandconvincedawealthySilkRoadpilgrimtofundthefirstofthetemples.Thetempleseventuallygrewtonumbermorethanathousand.Fromthe4thuntilthe14thcentury,BuddhistmonksatDunhuangcollectedscripturesfromthewest,andmanypilgrimspassedthroughthearea,paintingmuralsinsidethecaves。Themuralscover450,000squarefeet(42,000m2

Themostprobablereasonforsuchahugeaccumulationofwasteisthat,whentheprintingofbooksbecamewidespreadinthetenthcentury,thehandwrittenmanuscriptsoftheTripitakaatthemonasticlibrariesmusthavebeenreplacedbybooksofanewtype—theprintedTripitaka.Consequently,thediscardedmanuscriptsfoundtheirwaytothesacredwaste—pile，wheretornscrollsfromoldtimesaswellasabulkofmanuscriptsinTibetanhadbeenstored。AllwecansayforcertainisthathecamefromtheWufamily，becausethecompoundofthethree-storiedcavetemples,Nos.16—18and365-6,isknowntohavebeenbuiltandkeptbytheWufamily，ofwhichthemid-ninthcenturyBishopofTun—Huan,Hung—pien，wasamember.

——FujiedaAkira，“TheTun—HuanManuscripts”

TheMogaoCavesarethebestknownoftheChineseBuddhistgrottoes，andalongwithLongmenandYungangareoneofthethreefamousancientsculpturalsitesofChina。

ThetravelofZhangQiantotheWest,Mogaocaves，618-712CE.

Buddhistmonksvaluedausterityinlife，andtheyhopedthatremotecaveswouldaidtheirquestforenlightenment.Thepa