描写主义与规定主义：《韦氏...统英语词典》第一版对比研究_.pdf

recordslanguagefaithfullybyseldomgivinganyjudgementonusages.2)AHD1iscontrasted

withWNCD7inthatitprescribeslanguagebyprovidingusagenotesondisputedusages.Itis

basicallyaprescriptivedictionaryinthatitprescribesusages.3)ComparedtoWNCD7,

WNCD8ismoredescriptiveinspokenlanguageandvulgarterms;comparedwithAHD1,

AHD3tendstobemoredescriptiveespeciallyinusageswhileinsistingontheprescriptive

principles.

Theinvestigationintolexicographicalpracticesmanifestingdescriptivismand

prescriptivisminWNCD7andAHD1mightfilltheresearchgapofcomparativestudy

betweenthesetwodictionaries.Meanwhile,thediachronicstudyofWNCD7andWNCD8,

AHD1andAHD3mayalsoprovidereferenceforothercollegedictionarieswhendealingwith

descriptiveandprescriptivepracticesaswellasrevisionsindictionary-making.

KeyWords:descriptivism,prescriptivism,Websters’SeventhNewCollegiateDictionary,The

AmericanHeritageDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage,dictionary-making

iv

学词典》第七版相比，《韦氏大学词典》第八版在对口语用法和粗俗语的处理上呈现描

写性倾向；4）与《美国传统英语词典》第一版相比，《美国传统英语词典》第三版在

继续坚持规定性原则的同时，其在对用法的处理上描写性倾向愈加明显。

对《韦氏大学词典》第七版和《美国传统英语词典》第一版中体现描写主义和规定

主义的编纂实践的探寻弥补了对两本词典对比研究的不足。同时，对《韦氏大学词典》

第七版和第八版、《美国传统英语词典》第一版和第三版的历时研究也为其他大学版词

典在处理描写性和规定性编纂实践及词典修订上提供借鉴。

关键词：描写主义；规定主义；《韦氏大学词典》第七版；《美国传统英语词典》第一

版；词典编纂

vi

4.3Summary34

CHAPTERFIVETHESUBSEQUENTEDITIONSOFWNCD7AND

AHD1:DESCRIPTIVIVEORPRESCRIPTIVE35

5.1DescriptiveandPrescriptiveFeaturesinWNCD835

5.1.1ComparativeAnalysesofWNCD7andWNCD8attheMicro-

structureLevel36

5.1.2TreatmentofSpokenWordsandTaboosinWNCD836

5.2TreatmentofSpokenWordsandTaboosinAHD1andAHD338

5.2.1UsagesofSpokenWordsinAHD1andAHD338

5.2.2TreatmentofTaboosinAHD1andAHD340

5.3Conclusions42

CHAPTERSIXCONCLUSION43