《新目标大学英语》课件_新目标大学英语 - (2).pptxVIP

Unit2

WesternPhilosophers;从古希腊的苏格拉底、柏拉图、亚里士多德到当代的维特根斯坦、罗素、萨特,西方哲学

家的思想指引着一代又一代人。对于西方哲学家,您有多少了解呢?;????Whenpeoplehearthetermphilosopher,theyoftenimaginethephiloso-

phersofancientGreecewithlongwhitebeardsdressedinflowingrobes,all

sittingaroundcontemplating1themeaningoflife.Whileitistruethat

philosophersdocontemplatethemeaningofexistence,theyaredeep

thinkersonmanyissuesthatcontinuetofuel2thedesireforknowledgeand

thequest3fortruth.①

Inordertounderstandwhataphilosopheris,it??simportanttounderstanda

bitaboutphilosophy.Thereareseveralbranchesofphilosophy,including

metaphysics4,logic,ethics5andmuchmore,butgenerallyphilosophyisthe;studyofmattersconcerningexistence.Forexample,ethicsdealswithmoral

dilemmas,whereaslogicexaminesthinkingpatterns6.Metaphysicsponders

thenaturalworldandourrelationshipwiththeworldanduniverseinwhich

welive.

Aphilosopherseekstruthinregardtotheissuesofexistenceandthosecon-

ditionsthataffecthumanity7.Thephilosopherattemptstoanswerpreviously

unanswerablequestionsthroughdebateandargumentsbasedonlogical

thought.Aphilosophermayalsobereferredtoasadeepthinker.Sheisona

questtoknowhow,when,whereandmostlywhy.Philosophersoftenhavea;stronginterestinreligionandscience.Manyphilosophersmayalsobescien-

tists,clergymenorreligionists.Aphilosophermayfocusmainlyonone

branchofphilosophyormanyaspectsoftheoverallstudy.

Ancientphilosophersdebatedoverthestateoftheuniverse,lifepurpose,ex-

istenceandthepoliticalsystemaswellasothersubjectsconcerninghumani-

tyandthenatureoflife.Timeschangedandsodidphilosophybutnotentire-

ly.Manyofthetopicsofdebatethatwereofimportancetothephilosophers

ofoldremainjustasimportantinmodernphilosophy.②Theonlydifference

isthatdiscoveriesweremadealongthewaythathavepro