毕业设计（论文）-4×4越野汽车变速器设计.docx

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摘要

变速器已经经历了100多年的发展，它是汽车传动系统的重要组成部分，直接影响汽车的动力性、经济性、舒适性等。变速器可以改变来自发动机传到驱动轮上的转速和转矩，为了在原地起步、爬坡、转弯、加速等各种行驶工况下，让汽车获得不同的牵引力和速度，并使发动机在最佳的工况下运转。变速器由变速器传动机构和操纵机构构成。随着汽车业的不断快速发展，汽车各个零件、部件的设计研究越来越理想化、信息化，变速器的设计也是至关重要的。本课题研究设计的是四驱越野车的三轴式五挡变速器。三轴式变速器有直接档，因此高速挡的效率比二轴式变速器高，磨损程度和噪音也最小。变速器基本要求就是要有良好的动力性和经济性、工作可靠、有较高的工作效率等。在论文的开始先介绍了变速器的发展背景和未来趋势、类型功用以及工作原理等，之后根据相对应车型的参数，再结合汽车设计、汽车理论、机械设计、汽车构造等相关书籍资料对变速器的齿轮、轴等重要零件进行计算校核，并验证设计的合理性。

关键词：变速器；齿轮；轴；校核；

Abstract

Thetransmissionhasexperiencedmorethan100yearsofdevelopment,itisanimportantpartoftheautomotivetransmissionsystem,adirectimpactonthepower,economy,comfortandsoon.Transmissioncanchangethespeedandtorquefromtheenginetothedrivingwheel,inordertostartinplace,climb,turn,accelerateandotherdrivingconditions,sothatthecargetdifferenttractionandspeed,andmaketheengineinthebestoperatingconditions.Thetransmissionconsistsofatransmissionmechanismandacontrolmechanism.Withtherapiddevelopmentofautomotiveindustry,thedesignandresearchofautomotivepartsandcomponentsarebecomingmoreandmoreidealizedandinformationized.Thedesignoftransmissionisalsoveryimportant.Thethreeaxisfivegeartransmissionoffour-wheeldriveoff-roadvehicleisresearchedanddesignedinthisproject.Thethree-axistransmissionhasadirecttransmission,sothehigh-speedtransmissionismoreefficientthanthetwo-axistransmission,andhastheleastwearandnoise.Thebasicrequirementoftransmissionistohavegoodpowerandeconomy,reliableoperation,highefficiencyandsoon.Atthebeginningofthepaper,itintroducesthedevelopmentbackground,futuretrend,typefunctionandworkingprincipleofthetransmission.Thenitcalculatesandchecksthegears,shaftsandotherimportantpartsofthetransmissionaccordingtotheparametersofthecorrespondingmodels,andcombinedwiththerelevantbooksandmaterialssuchasautomotivedesign,automo