《双语版植物生理学》Chapter 2 Mineral nutrition of plants.pptx

植物的营养问题

(NutritionofPlant)

土壤营养：Water、Mineralelements

空气营养：Photosynthesis(光合作用);收多收少在于肥!;Chapter2MineralNutritionofPlants;2.1Theimportanceofessentialmineralsinplants;2.1.2Essentialelementsofplants;Macronutrients(10)

C、H、O、N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Si

Micronutrients(9)

Fe、Mn、B、Cu、Zn、Mo、Cl、Ni、Na

Essentialelements：19

Essentialmineralelements：15

Future：more?

Solutionculture:Hoaglandsolution;2.1.3Physiologicalfunctionsofessentialelements;DeficiencyinN:

Plantgrowthinhibited

Chlorosis(缺绿):olderleaves

Purplecoloration:

formationofanthocyanin(花青素); Phospholipids

Nucleicacids;Nucleotides(ATP,FMN,FAD)

Sugarphosphates(Respiration,Photosynthesis)

Phyticacid(植酸，肌醇六磷酸)

Coenzymes(NAD+=CoI,NADP+=CoII,CoA); Cofactorformorethan40enzymesin

Respiration

Proteinsynthesis

Nucleicacidsynthesis

Synthesisandtransportationofsugars

Tuber/Stemtuber

Establishingcellturgor:osmotic;stomata;drought

Maintainingcellelectro-neutrality(电中性); Middlelamella

ofcellwalls(果胶钙); Cofactorformanyenzymes

Phosphatetransfer

(磷酸变位酶,磷酸激酶)

DNAandRNAsynthesis;Sulfur:;Sulfur:;Sulfur:;Sulfur:;Sulfur:;Sulfur:; Proteins:cysteine/cystine;methionine

CoA

Synthesisofaminoacids,lipidsandsugars

Fe?Sprotein,GSSG/GSH(谷胱甘肽）

Redoxreactions(氧化还原反应）

reductionoxidation;Depositedasamorphous(无定形)silica(SiO2.H2O)incellwalls

Cellwallmechanicalproperties:rigidityandelasticity;Micronutrients:Fe、Mn、B、Cu、Zn、Mo、Cl、Ni、Na; Requiredforenzymesin

GlycolysisandTCA:respiration

Nitratereduction:nitratereductase

PhotosyntheticO2evolution:photosynthesis

Chloroplaststructure:photosynthesis; Sugartransportation:B-sugarcomplex

Requiredforplantreproduction(生殖):

highestinflower

pollen(花粉)germination

Inhibitformationoftoxicphenolic(酚)compounds

Complexeswithconstituentsofcellwalls(ma